| Rui Wang,Freddie H. Fu,Bing Wang. Precision medicine for diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma. Oncol Transl Med, 2016, 2: 49-54. |
| Precision medicine for diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma |
| Received:March 03, 2016 Revised:April 01, 2016 |
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| KeyWord:molecular mechanism; osteosarcoma; precision medicine |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Rui Wang | Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 US | frankdolphin@hotmail.com | | Freddie H. Fu | Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 US | ffu@pitt.edu | | Bing Wang | University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Suite 216, Bridgeside Point II, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219 | bingwang@pitt.edu |
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| Abstract: |
| Osteosarcoma is one of the most common primary malignant bone tumors, most commonly affecting children
and adolescents. With a low 5-year survival rate, osteosarcoma is among the most dangerous threats
to the health and life of young people. In many cases, lung micro-metastases are detected at the time of
osteosarcoma diagnosis, which makes it very difficult to save patients’ lives even with very radical treatments
such as surgical amputation to remove the primary lesion. Patients with osteosarcoma often die of
lung metastatic disease. The diagnosis of osteosarcoma at an early stage is therefore very important for
disease prognosis. Osteosarcoma shows a remarkable variation in its pathologic presentation between its
different pathologic sub-types and from patient to patient. Prior to displaying any abnormalities in cellular
morphology, molecular and biochemical metabolic changes may occur, leading to increases in abnormally
functioning oncoproteins. New evidence from molecular biological and genomic studies provides critical
information about the occurrence, development, metastasis, and prognosis of osteosarcoma. The precision
medicine approach, which allows for individualized treatment, has improved the prognosis and treatment
outcomes for osteosarcoma. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the recent key discoveries in
osteosarcoma and to highlight optimal strategies for diagnosis and treatment. |
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