| Ying Chen,Jing Wang. Expression and significance of carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 153, and cyclooxygenase-2 in breast cancer*. Oncol Transl Med, 2017, 3: 25-30. |
| Expression and significance of carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 153, and cyclooxygenase-2 in breast cancer* |
| Received:November 03, 2016 Revised:February 18, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:breast cancer; carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA); cancer antigen 153 (CA153); cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2); prognosis |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Ying Chen | Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Qiingdao University, Qiingdao 266071, China
Department of Central Laboratory, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao 276826, China | 1198150550@qq.com | | Jing Wang | Department of Central Laboratory, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao 276826, China | jingwang686@126.com |
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| Abstract: |
| Objective This study aimed to evaluate serum and nipple discharge levels of carcinoembryonic antigen
(CEA) and cancer antigen 153 (CA153) and tissue cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in breast cancer
cases and associations of these proteins with breast cancer metastasis.
Methods The immunohistochemical Ultra SensitiveTM S-P method was used to detect COX-2 expression
in 77 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. Of these cases, 52 exhibited CEA and CA153 in both serum and
nipple discharge (electrochemiluminescence method), and associations of these biomarkers with breast
cancer prognosis were studied. Sixty cases of benign breast lesion were selected as a control group.
Overall survival of breast carcinoma patients was evaluated. COX-2 expression was evaluated relative
to clinicopathological features and CEA and CA153 levels, and its role in invasiveness was investigated.
Results Among cases of invasive breast cancer, 72.7% (56/77) were COX-2 immunopositive, compared
to 16.7% of benign lesions (χ2 = 66.745, P = 0.000) percentage of positive cells. COX-2 overexpression
in breast cancer correlated positively with histological grade (II vs III; χ2 = 4.064, P = 0.043), lymph node
metastasis (χ2 = 9.135, P = 0.003), and distant metastasis (χ2 = 8.021, P = 0.003). However, COX-2
expression did not correlate with age (≤ 50 vs 50 years) or tumor size (≤ 5 vs > 5 cm) (χ2 = 0.081, P = 0.776
and χ2 = 3.702, P = 0.054, respectively). Among breast cancer patients, COX-2 overexpression in tumors
also correlated with shorter overall survival (P < 0.05). In brief, increased COX-2 expression correlates with
worse prognosis and shorter overall survival. Malignant lesions were associated with significantly higher
serum and nipple discharge levels of biomarkers, relative to benign lesions (P < 0.05). These biomarkers
were present at significantly higher levels in nipple discharge than in serum (P < 0.05). Furthermore,
significantly higher nipple discharge levels of CEA and CA153 were observed in COX-2-positive breast
carcinoma patients, compared to COX-2-negative patients (P <0.05). Shorter overall survival in cancer
patients group related to COX-2 overexpression in tumors (P < 0.05).
Conclusion The study suggests that COX-2 overexpression correlates with poor clinicopathological
parameters in breast cancers and might be an important biological marker of invasion and metastasis.
The findings of the present study suggest that combined detection of COX-2 tissue expression and CEA
and CA153 in serum and nipple discharge could facilitate clinical monitoring and diagnosis of metastasis
in patients with breast cancer. |
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